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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgem | om laŋge |
| 2SG: | laŋget | ot laŋge |
| 3SG: | laŋga | ok/ogeš laŋge |
| 1PL: | laŋgena | ona/ogə̑na laŋge |
| 2PL: | laŋgeda | oda/ogə̑da laŋge |
| 3PL: | laŋgat | ogə̑t laŋge |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgə̑šə̑m | šə̑m laŋge |
| 2SG: | laŋgə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ laŋge |
| 3SG: | laŋgə̑š | ə̑š laŋge |
| 1PL: | laŋgə̑šna | ə̑šna laŋge |
| 2PL: | laŋgə̑šda | ə̑šda laŋge |
| 3PL: | laŋgə̑št | ə̑št laŋge |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgenam | laŋgen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | laŋgenat | laŋgen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | laŋgen | laŋgen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | laŋgenna | laŋgen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | laŋgenda | laŋgen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | laŋgenə̑t | laŋgen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgem ə̑l'e | om laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laŋget ə̑l'e | ot laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laŋga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laŋgena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laŋgeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laŋgat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t laŋge ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgem ulmaš | om laŋge ulmaš |
| 2SG: | laŋget ulmaš | ot laŋge ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laŋga ulmaš | ok/ogeš laŋge ulmaš |
| 1PL: | laŋgena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na laŋge ulmaš |
| 2PL: | laŋgeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da laŋge ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laŋgat ulmaš | ogə̑t laŋge ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgenam ə̑l'e | laŋgen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laŋgenat ə̑l'e | laŋgen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laŋgen ə̑l'e | laŋgen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laŋgenna ə̑l'e | laŋgen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laŋgenda ə̑l'e | laŋgen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laŋgen ə̑l'e | laŋgen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgenam ulmaš | laŋgen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | laŋgenat ulmaš | laŋgen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laŋgen ulmaš | laŋgen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | laŋgenna ulmaš | laŋgen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | laŋgenda ulmaš | laŋgen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laŋgen ulmaš | laŋgen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | laŋge | it laŋge |
| 3SG: | laŋgə̑že | ə̑nže laŋge |
| 1PL: | (laŋgena) | (ona/ogə̑na laŋge) |
| 2PL: | laŋgə̑za | ida laŋge |
| 3PL: | laŋgə̑št | ə̑nə̑št laŋge |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgə̑nem | ə̑nem laŋge |
| 2SG: | laŋgə̑net | ə̑net laŋge |
| 3SG: | laŋgə̑neže | ə̑než laŋge |
| 1PL: | laŋgə̑nena | ə̑nena laŋge |
| 2PL: | laŋgə̑neda | ə̑neda laŋge |
| 3PL: | laŋgə̑nešt | ə̑nešt laŋge |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laŋgə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laŋgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laŋgə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laŋgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laŋgə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda laŋge ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laŋgə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt laŋge ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | laŋgə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net laŋge ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laŋgə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než laŋge ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | laŋgə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda laŋge ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laŋgə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt laŋge ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | laŋgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | laŋgə̑man |
| Active participle: | laŋgə̑še |
| Passive participle: | laŋgə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | laŋgə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | laŋgə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | laŋgen |
| Negative gerund: | laŋgə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | laŋgə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | laŋgə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | laŋgə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | laŋgə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | laŋgə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||